Hi,
The first picture is about memory section.
They are address bus You need care a lot about that while designing(PCB).
The second one is test point which we keep on the PCB.(For eg., If you have an IC which is No lead Package in which you might keep a test point for the power pin since measuring the Voltage on that (Leadless) power pin is hard you create a test point for that and can easily measure the voltage.
Have a look at this for Test Point (TP) on the PCB:
https://www.dataweek.co.za/56990nIf you're amateur in Hardware Designing, I recommend you to look at the Switching Power supply course or Some of the YouTube videos from
Robert Feranec